四、阅读理解(本大题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分)
A
People know the dangers of fires. It"s good for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire. Here are suggestions:
Put a smoke alarm (烟雾警报器) in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. The alarm makes a loud sound. The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once.
Make escape plans. They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily.
Buy fire extinguishers (灭火器) in the house. Everyone in the family should know how to use them.
Practice for a fire. They do fire practice because they teach children about fire safety. Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules:
★ Don"t open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.
★ Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. The best air is near the floor because smoke rises.
★ What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don"t run! The fire burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll (滚动)! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put a blanket around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you.
There are many possible causes for fires. A wise family is ready all the time. If there is a fire, don"t forget to call 119 for help.
( )51. What does it mean when a smoke alarm rings at home?
A. You have to get up. B. Something is burning.
C. Water is running to the floor. D. Someone breaks your window.
( )52. The writer advises people to do the following to prepare for a fire EXCEPT that ________.
A. they practice for a fire B. they make escape plans
C. they use electrical cookers D. they buy fire extinguishers
( )53. When a fire happens, ________if you open the hot door.
A. the house will fall down B. the electricity will be cut off
C. the door will soon be on fire D. the fire will grow more quickly
( )54. What are the right steps you should take when your hair or clothes catch fire?
A. Stop, drop, roll. B. Stop, run, roll.
C. Run, drop, roll. D. Roll, drop, stop.
( )55. What is the best title for this passage?
A. The Dangers of a Fire B. Be Ready for a Fire
C. The Causes of a Fire D. Learn to Use a Fire Extinguisher
B
How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English or do you have to use your first language? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true.
People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger which they extend or stick out. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.
Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers and others have no words for numbers. A group of scientists studied aboriginal（土著的）people in Australia. These people don"t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don"t even have words for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.
In a similar study, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piraha tribe（部落）in northwestern Brazil don"t have words for numbers, such as “one” or “three”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees”, but can say “some trees”, “more trees” or “many trees”. Professor Edward Gibson said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count, “But here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but it"s not useful in their culture, so they"ve never picked it up. ”
Although all humans are able to understand quantities（数量）, not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too.
( )56. The writer begins with the four questions in order to ________.
A. make a survey B. interest readers
C. tell a story D. solve math problems
( )57. What do we learn from the difference in finger counting between the U. S. and China?
A. People from China count much faster than people from the U. S.
B. People from China need two hands to count from one to ten.
C. People from the U. S. count to ten with two hands.
D. People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting.
( )58. Which of the following is TRUE about aboriginal Australians?
A. They have only a few words for numbers.
B. They have hand movements to stand for numbers.
C. They can only count to five on their fingers.
D. They can understand different ideas about numbers.
( )59. What is the meaning of underlined (划线) phrases “picked up”?
A. 捡起来 B. 使用 C. 学习 D. 交流
( )60. What"s the main idea of the passage?
A. People from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math.
B. Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans.
C. In some aboriginal cultures, people don"t even know how to count.
D. Some languages don"t have number words because people don"t need numbers.
参考答案：
51~55 CCABB
